目录
简介 Intro
生物学家和相关科学家进行基础研究和应用研究，扩展生物体的知识，管理自然资源，并制定新的实践和与医药和农业相关的产品。他们受雇于实验室和政府的现场设置，环境咨询公司，资源和公用事业公司，化工，制药和生物技术公司，健康和教育机构。
Biologists and related scientists conduct basic and applied research to extend knowledge of living organisms, to manage natural resources, and to develop new practices and products related to medicine and agriculture. They are employed in both laboratory and field settings by governments, environmental consulting companies, resource and utilities companies, chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnical companies and health and educational institutions.
主要职责 Main Duties
生物学家执行部分或全部下列职责：Biologists perform some or all of the following duties:
- 计划和指导环境，人口，分布，结构及植物和动物的功能特性的研究
Plan and conduct studies of the environment, and of the population, distribution, structure and functional characteristics and behaviour of plants and animals - 对生态和环境的影响进行研究，并准备报告
Conduct ecological and environmental impact studies and prepare reports - 对动植物标本进行研究，识别和分类
Study, identify and classify plant and animal specimens - 进行动物或植物生长，遗传育种的实验
Conduct experiments in plant or animal growth, heredity and breeding - 为可再生资源的管理准备报告和计划
Prepare reports and plans for management of renewable resources - 可以监督生物技术专家和技术人员和其他科学家。
May supervise biological technologists and technicians and other scientists.
微生物学家及细胞和分子生物学家执行部分或全部下列职责：Microbiologists and cell and molecular biologists perform some or all of the following duties:
- 进行微生物的结构，功能，生态，生物技术和遗传学的研究，包括细菌，真菌，原生动物，藻类
Conduct research into the structure, function, ecology, biotechnology and genetics of micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoans, and algae - 对人类，动物和植物组织和细胞的结构和功能进行研究
Conduct research into the structure and functioning of human, animal and plant tissues and cells - 对人类，植物和动物的病原体和毒素的辨别，影响和控制进行研究
Conduct studies into the identification, effects and control of human, plant and animal pathogens and toxins - 进行临床或实验室研究，以测试，评估和筛选药物，药品和生物医学应用中使用的纳米粒子
Conduct clinical or laboratory studies to test, evaluate and screen drugs, pharmaceuticals and nanoparticles used in biomedical applications - 对基因表达，基因操纵和重组DNA技术进行分子或生化的研究和实验，为生产产品开发新的或替代方法
Conduct molecular or biochemical studies and experiments in genetic expression, gene manipulation and recombinant DNA technology to develop new or alternative methods of producing products - 开展在生物技术的研究探索，发展和完善，并评估新产品
Conduct research in biotechnology to discover, develop and refine, and evaluate new products - 可参与新产品的商品化
May participate in the commercialization of new products - 可以监督生物技术专家和技术人员和其他科学家
May supervise biological technologists and technicians and other scientists - 利用计算机建模技术，可进行生物统计数据分析。
May conduct biostatistical data analysis using computer modelling techniques. - 生物学家和相关科学家专注于宏观层面，如植物学，动物学，生态学和海洋生物学或在细胞和分子水平等领域，遗传学，免疫学，药理学，毒理学，生理学，病理学，细菌学，病毒学，生物技术和生物信息学等领域
Biologists and related scientists may specialize at the macroscopic level, in fields such as botany, zoology, ecology and marine biology or, at the cellular and molecular level, in fields such as genetics, immunology, pharmacology, toxicology, physiology, pathology, bacteriology, virology, biotechnology and bioinformatics.
任职要求 Employment Requirements
- 生物学家要求具备生物学或相关学科大学本科学历。
A bachelor’s degree in biology or in a related discipline is required for biologists. - 生物学研究的科学家要求具备硕士或生物学或相关学科的博士学位。
A master’s or doctoral degree in biology or a related discipline is required for employment as a research scientist in biology. - 在学术部门或研究机构任职通常要求博士后科研经验。
Post-doctoral research experience is usually required before employment in academic departments or research institutions.
所有职称 All Titles
- 农业科学家 agricultural scientist
- 农业生物学家 agrogeologist
- 藻类学家 algologist
- 解剖学家 anatomist
- 动物生态学家 animal ecologist
- 动物遗传学家 animal geneticist
- 动物营养师 animal nutritionist
- 动物分类学家 animal taxonomist
- 水生生物学家 aquatic biologist
- 天体生物学家 astrobiologist
- 细菌学家 bacteriologist
- 细菌学家 – 动物健康 bacteriologist – animal health
- 生物信息学 bioinformatician
- 生物科学家 biological scientist
- 生物学家 biologist
- 生物学家，酶学 biologist, enzymology
- 生物学家，医学寄生虫学 biologist, medical parasitology
- 生物学家，寄生虫 biologist, parasitology
- 生物学家，原生动物 biologist, protozoology
- 生物学家，兽医寄生虫学 biologist, veterinary parasitology
- 生物医学纳米技术研究的科学家 biomedical nanotechnology research scientist
- 植物学家 botanist
- 胚胎学家 bryologist
- 细胞生物学家 cell biologist
- 细胞生理学家 cellular physiologist
- 农业科学家 crop scientist
- 作物研究的科学家 crop-research scientist
- 细胞化学家 cytochemist
- 细胞遗传学家 cytogeneticist
- 细胞学家 cytologist
- 细胞学家，微生物学家 cytologist-microbiologist
- 乳品细菌学家 dairy bacteriologist
- 乳品科学家 dairy scientist
- 描述性毒理学 descriptive toxicologist
- 发育生物学家 developmental biologist
- 发育遗传学家 developmental geneticist
- 国内动物科学家 domestic animal scientist
- 生态生物 ecobiologist
- 生态学家 ecologist
- 经济植物学 economic botanist
- 胚胎学家 embryologist
- 昆虫学者 entomologist
- 昆虫学家，蜂业 entomologist, apiculture
- 环境和职业毒理学 environmental and occupational toxicologist
- 环境生物学家 environmental biologist
- 环境毒理学 environmental toxicologist
- 酶学生物学家 enzymologist
- 酶学生物学家 enzymology biologist
- 病因学家 etiologist
- 渔业细菌学家 fishery bacteriologist
- 水产品细菌学家 fishery products bacteriologist
- 食品细菌学家 food bacteriologist
- 食品细菌学家 food products bacteriologist
- 食品科学家 food products scientist
- 食品研究科学家 food research scientist
- 食品科学家 food scientist
- 森林生态学家 forest ecologist
- 森林病理学家 forest pathologist
- 遗传学家 geneticist
- 寄生虫学家 helminthologist
- 爬虫学者 herpetologist
- 组织学家 histologist
- 组织病理学家 histopathologist
- 人类生理学家 human physiologist
- 水生生物学家 hydrobiologist
- 鱼类学家 ichthyologist
- 免疫学家 immunologist
- 工业细菌学家 industrial bacteriologist
- 昆虫生理学家 insect physiologist
- 解释性博物 interpretative naturalist
- 无脊椎动物的动物学家 invertebrate zoologist
- 实验室免疫 laboratory immunologist
- 湖泊学家 limnologist
- 疟疾学家 malariologist
- 哺乳动物学家 mammalogist
- 海洋生物学家 marine biologist
- 海洋水生生物学家 marine hydrobiologist
- 海洋哺乳动物训练师 marine mammal trainer
- 机械毒理学 mechanistic toxicologist
- 医学寄生虫学生物学家 medical parasitology biologist
- 微生物学家 microbiologist
- 分子生物学家 molecular biologist
- 分子遗传学家 molecular geneticist
- 分子生理学家 molecular physiologist
- 真菌学家 mycologist
- 自然家 naturalist
- 线虫生物学家 nematologist
- 鸟类学家 ornithologist
- 骨骼学家 osteologist
- 寄生虫学家 parasitologist
- 寄生虫生物学家 parasitology biologist
- 公园自然学家 park naturalist
- 病理学家，森林 pathologist, forests
- 病理学家，植物 pathologist, plants
- 医药细菌学家 pharmaceutical bacteriologist
- 药理学家 pharmacologist
- 生理生物物理学家 physiological biophysicist
- 生理学家 physiologist
- 生理学家，生物化学家 – 核医学 physiologist-biochemist – nuclear medicine
- 植物生物学家 phytobiologist
- 植物病理学家 phytopathologist
- 植物解剖学家 plant anatomist
- 种鸡厂 plant breeder
- 植物生态学家 plant ecologist
- 植物线虫 plant nematologist
- 植物病理学家 plant pathologist
- 植物生理学家 plant physiologist
- 植物种群生物学家 plant population biologist
- 植物科学家 plant scientist
- 植物分类 plant taxonomist
- 人口遗传学家 population geneticist
- 家禽科学家 poultry scientist
- 原生动物学家 protozoologist
- 原生动物生物学家 protozoology biologist
- 公共卫生细菌学家 public health bacteriologist
- 监管毒理学 regulatory toxicologist
- 生物学家 research biologist
- 农村生态学家 rural ecologist
- 血清学家 serologist
- 土壤细菌学家 soil bacteriologist
- 员工毒理学 staff toxicologist
- 系统学家，生物学 systematist, biology
- 系统生物学家 systems biologist
- 分类学家，生物 taxonomist, biology
- 毒理学 toxicologist
- 兽医寄生虫学生物学家 veterinary parasitology biologist
- 病毒学家 virologist
- 野生动物学家 wildlife biologist
- 野生动物helminthologist的 wildlife helminthologist
- 野生动物博物学家 wildlife naturalist
- 动物学家 zoologist
不包括职称 Exclusions
- 建筑和科学管理者 Architecture and science managers [0212](0212)
- 生物化学家（化学家） Biochemists (in [2112](2112) Chemists )
- 在实验室医学专家（专科医师） Specialists in laboratory medicine (in [3111](3111) Specialist physicians )