目录
简介 Intro
本单元组包括卫生专业人员，他们诊断和治疗患者的疾病和损伤，还包括其他未分类人员。本组包括足病医学医生，足科医师和足病医师，自然疗法医生，视觉矫正师和整骨医生。他们在私人诊所，诊所和医院工作。
This unit group includes health professionals who diagnose and treat the diseases and injuries of patients and who are not elsewhere classified. This includes doctors of podiatric medicine, chiropodists and podiatrists, naturopaths, orthoptists and osteopaths. They work in private practices, clinics and hospitals.
治疗师兼足科医生称号在一些省份交替使用，虽然足科医生称号变得越来越普遍。足科医生称号并不一定是指足病医学医生（DPM）。
Chiropodist and podiatrist titles are used interchangeably in some provinces, although the title podiatrist is becoming more common. The use of the podiatrist job title does not necessarily refer to doctors of podiatric medicine (D.P.M.).
视觉矫正师往往作为眼科医生，眼科大夫和其他眼科医务人员的医疗团队的一部分参与工作。
Orthoptists often work as part of a medical team which includes ophthalmologists, opticians and other ophthalmic medical personnel.
视觉矫正师经过培训，也可以作为眼科技术人员或技术专家工作。
Orthoptists may also be trained as ophthalmic technicians or technologists.
整骨可能获得全科医生执照。
Osteopaths may obtain a licence as general practitioners.
整骨在新不伦瑞克省，魁北克省和阿尔伯塔省有充分的执业范围，在安大略省和萨斯喀彻温省，执业范围有限（练习整骨徒手医学）。
Osteopaths have full scope of practice in New Brunswick, Quebec and Alberta, and limited scope of practice (to practise osteopathic manipulative medicine) in Ontario and Saskatchewan.
在不列颠哥伦比亚省有两个整骨执照：一个允许整骨骨病医生全范围的执业权利，而另一个限制在骨科徒手医学实践发面。
There are two licences in British Columbia for osteopaths – one allows the doctor of osteopathy full scope of practice rights, while the other limits practice to osteopathic manipulative medicine.
主要职责 Main Duties
- 足科医生是初级保健从业人员，他们诊断人体足部疾病，畸形和受伤情况，并与患者沟通诊断结果。他们使用吊带，铸件，盾牌，矫形器，物理疗法，或处方药为患者治疗。足科医生也可以进行前脚掌的骨头和脚皮下软组织的手术。
Doctors of podiatric medicine are primary care practitioners who diagnose diseases, deformities and injuries of the human foot and communicate diagnoses to patients. They treat patients using braces, casts, shields, orthotic devices, physical therapy, or prescribed medications. Doctors of podiatric medicine may also perform surgery on the bones of the forefoot and the subcutaneous soft tissues of the foot. - 足部治疗师和持有学位证书或一级培训的足病医生诊断人体足部疾病，畸形和受伤，并使用吊带，铸件，盾牌，矫形器，物理疗法和皮下软组织脚部手术为患者治疗。
Chiropodists and diploma or first-degree trained podiatrists diagnose diseases, deformities and injuries of the human foot and treat patients using braces, casts, shields, orthotic devices, physical therapy and subcutaneous soft-tissue foot surgery. - 自然疗法诊断病人的疾病和失调，并采用自然的方法进行医治，如针灸，推拿，脊柱推拿，按摩，水疗，中药材，生化治疗，临床营养，顺势疗法和治疗期间的辅导。
Naturopaths diagnose patients’ diseases and disorders and employ natural methods of healing such as acupuncture and acupressure, spinal manipulation, reflexology, hydrotherapy, herbal medicines, biochemical therapy, clinical nutrition, homeopathy and counselling in their treatment. - 视觉矫正师与眼科医生共同工作，进行专门的视力测试来衡量和评估患者双眼视力缺陷或异常的眼球运动，从而提供如眼保健操或修补方案等处方治疗眼科疾病的诊断和治疗。
Orthoptists work alongside ophthalmologists in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders by performing specialized eye tests to measure and assess defective binocular vision or abnormal eye movement in patients and prescribing treatment such as eye exercises or patching regimens. - 整骨或骨科医生采用推拿疗法，药物治疗或手术治疗，诊断肌肉，骨骼，循环系统和神经系统疾病和损伤。
Osteopaths or osteopathic physicians diagnose disorders and injuries of the musculo-skeletal, circulatory and nervous systems and treat patients with manipulative therapy, medications or surgery.
任职要求 Employment Requirements
足科医生（D.P.M.） Doctors of podiatric medicine (D.P.M.)
- 在美国和魁北克，足科医生通常要求完成学识学位课程后，还必须完成为期四年的足病医学博士学位课程。
A four-year doctoral degree program in podiatric medicine available in the United States and in Quebec, normally following completion of a bachelor’s degree program, is required. - 在艾伯塔省和不列颠哥伦比亚省，要求具有医疗居留权。
A medical residency is required in Alberta and British Columbia. - 在魁北克省，安大略省，阿尔伯塔省和不列颠哥伦比亚省，足病医学（DPM）学位的医生需要进行脚病学实践。
A doctor of podiatric medicine (D.P.M.) degree is required to practise podiatry in Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia.
足科医师 Chiropodists and podiatrists
- 在加拿大，获得为期三年的趾甲学文凭（DCH）
A three-year diploma program in chiropody (DCh) obtained in Canada - 通常需要在国外获得的足病医学（D.Pod.M.）（英国）第一学位课程。
A first-degree program in podiatric medicine (D.Pod.M.) obtained abroad (United Kingdom) is usually required. - 在安大略省，魁北克省，新不伦瑞克省，马尼托巴省，萨斯喀彻温省，阿尔伯塔省和不列颠哥伦比亚省需要持有许可证。
A licence is required in New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia.
自然疗法 Naturopaths
- 必需取得大学预医学科学学位。
A university degree in pre-medical science is required. - 完成国外大学自然疗法课程
Completion of a university program in naturopathic medicine, obtained abroad - 必需完成私人机构的为期四年的自然疗法课程。
A four-year program in naturopathic medicine from a private institute is required. - 在安大略省，马尼托巴省，萨斯喀彻温省和不列颠哥伦比亚省，要求持有许可证。
A licence is required in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and British Columbia.
视觉矫正 Orthoptists
- 要求取得大学本科学历，并完成一个为期两年的视觉矫正培训项目。
A bachelor’s degree and completion of a two-year accredited training program in orthoptics are required. - 必须取得加拿大视觉矫正委员会的认证。
Certification with the Canadian Orthoptic Council is required. - 要求开展继续教育取得加拿大视觉矫正协会颁发的新证。
Continuing education is required for recertification with the Canadian Orthoptic Council.
整骨 Osteopaths
- 必须具备大学本科学历方可进行骨病医生课程的学习。
A bachelor’s degree is required for admission to a doctor of osteopathy program. - 完成为期四年的骨科医学项目才可以成为骨病学士学位医生
A four-year program in osteopathic medicine leading to a doctor of osteopathy degree - 要求为期一年的住院医师经验。这些资格通常在美国获得。
A one-year medical residency are required. These qualifications are usually obtained in the United States. - 在新不伦瑞克省，魁北克省，安大略省，萨斯喀彻温省，阿尔伯塔省和不列颠哥伦比亚省，需要许可证。
A licence is required in New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia.
所有职称 All Titles
- 首席视觉矫正师 chief orthoptist
- 手足病医生 chiropodist
- 临床视觉矫正师 clinical orthoptist
- D.P.M. （足病医学博士） D.P.M. (doctor of podiatric medicine)
- 自然疗法医生 doctor of naturopathic medicine
- 自然疗法医生 doctor of naturopathy
- 骨科医学博士 doctor of osteopathic medicine
- 医生骨病 doctor of osteopathy
- 医生足病药（D.P.M.） doctor of podiatric medicine (D.P.M.)
- 足部专家 foot specialist
- 自然疗法 naturopath
- 自然疗法医生（ND） naturopathic doctor (ND)
- 自然疗法医师 naturopathic physician
- 自然疗法医生（ND） ND (naturopathic doctor)
- 视觉矫正 orthoptist
- 整骨 osteopath
- 骨科医生 osteopathic doctor
- 骨科医师 osteopathic physician
- 足科医生 podiatrist
- 教学视觉矫正 teaching orthoptist
不包括职称 Exclusions
- 脊医 Chiropractors [3122](3122)
- 全科医生和家庭医生 General practitioners and family physicians [3112](3112)
- 自然愈合执业 Practitioners of natural healing [3232](3232)
- 专科医师 Specialist physicians [3111](3111)